Free42 — An HP-42S Calculator Simulator

What it is

Supported Platforms

• Windows
• Pocket PC and Windows Mobile
• PalmOS (68k and ARM)
• Mac OS X (application and Dashboard widget)
• iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad
• Linux (x86 only; GTK and Motif)

Project Status

Donations

Thank you for supporting the continued development of the Free42 project!

Downloads

	Free42 for Windows Package: Free42Windows.zip Requires Microsoft Windows 98 or later.
	Free42 for Pocket PC and Windows Mobile Package: Free42PocketPC.zip Requires Pocket PC 2002 or 2003 (ARM) or later, or Windows Mobile for Pocket PC 5 or 6. I have also received reports that this version can be used on some Windows CE devices. This version does not run under Windows Phone 7.
	Free42 for PalmOS Package: Free42PalmOS.zip Requires PalmOS 3.0 or later. This package contains 68k and ARM versions of the PalmOS application, and a HotSync conduit that allows you to transfer files between your PC and your hand-held. The 68k version of Free42 Binary requires the MathLib floating-point library; in case you don't already have it, you can get it from Rick Huebner's MathLib page. The ARM version of Free42 Binary, and the 68k and ARM versions of Free42 Decimal, do not require MathLib.
	Free42 for Mac OS X Package: Free42Mac.zip Requires Mac OS X 10.5 or later, Intel or PowerPC. This is Free42 built as a Mac OS X application. The print-out window is not yet implemented, but otherwise it is fully functional.
	Free42 for Mac OS X Dashboard Package: Free42MacDashboard.zip Requires Mac OS X 10.4 or later, Intel or PowerPC. This is Free42 built as a Mac OS X Dashboard widget. It does not support skin switching, printer emulation, and program import/export, but it is otherwise a fully functional simulation. Contributed by D. Jeff Dionne; maintained by Thomas Okken.
	Free42 for iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad You can get it from the iTunes App Store by clicking this link. Requires iPhone OS 3.0 or later. The current release does not yet have a functioning print-out window (but printing to files is implemented); it does not yet support import/export of programs from/to files on the device (but import/export directly from/to a PC or Mac is implemented, see here); and it does not yet support use of the pop-up keyboard for ALPHA mode text entry. These features will be added in future releases. There is another port of Free42, called 42s, created by Byron Foster, that includes some very nifty enhancements including unlimited-depth stack and 5-line display. These features are all optional, so you can still have the original HP-42S functionality for programs that need it. This port is also available from the iTunes App Store, here.
	Free42 for Linux (x86) Package: Free42Linux.tgz Built in Fedora 6 with glibc 2.5, libstdc++ 4.1.2, GTK+ 2.10.13, and LessTif 0.95.0. It should work on any Linux (x86) with those or similar libraries. This package contains GTK+ and Motif versions of Free42. The only difference between the two is the look and feel of the menu bar and dialog boxes; other than that, they are identical.
	Free42 for Zaurus X/Qt Runs on the Sharp Zaurus with X/Qt installed (and possibly also with the native GTK GUI (GPE), although this has not been tested), and on the Nokia 770 Internet Tablet. Maintained by Egan Ford; more information and downloads are available on his web site at http://sense.net/zc/free42/.
	Free42 for Nokia 900 Package: available at maemo.org. Runs on the Nokia 900 Internet Tablet. Source code, also for Nokia 770, 800, and 810, available at garage.maemo.org. Ports by Tatu Männistö.
	Free42 Source Code Package: free42.tgz The GTK and Motif versions require Linux, or any reasonably Unix-like environment, with X11, GTK+ or Motif/Lesstif, and the usual development tools and libraries. For the Windows version, you need either Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 or MinGW; for the Pocket PC version, Microsoft eMbedded Visual C++ 3.0; for the PalmOS version, you need PRC-tools (with Ton van Overbeek's multi-segment debugging patches applied); for the PalmOS/Windows Conduit, you need Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0; and for the iPhone versions, you need the iPhone SDK 3.0 or later. The Mac OS X Application and Dashboard versions can be built using the development tools that come with OS X; they require OS X 10.4 (Tiger) or later for the Dashboard version, and OS X 10.5 (Leopard) or later for the Application.
	Skins Some skins to use instead of the faceplates built into Free42. Separate packages for: Windows, Unix, and Mac, contains 20 skins, last updated March 28, 2010; Pocket PC, contains 21 skins, last updated June 30, 2010; June 30, 2010: Added "Silver And Blue" skin for 240x320 screens, by David Geiger PalmOS, contains 8 skins, last updated April 4, 2007; iPhone and iPod touch, contains 2 skins, last updated April 20, 2009. Note: these iPhone skins cannot be used with Byron Foster's "42s RPN Calculator", only with my "Free42" app.
	HP-42S/Free42 programs A small collection of HP-42S/Free42 programs.
	txt2raw.pl A Perl script that converts HP-42S program listings, such as those generated by the PRP and LIST commands, to Free42/Emu42 compatible "raw" program files. Written by Vini Matangrano; look here for documentation and the script itself.
	rom2raw A C program that converts HP-41 ROM images to Free42/Emu42 compatible "raw" program files. Download rom2raw.zip; source code and Win32 console executable included. NOTE: the source code for this program is also included with the Free42 Source Code package.

Documentation

There is no manual for Free42 per se, but since it is an accurate simulation of the HP-42S, an HP-42S manual should be adequate for most purposes. The functionality that is specific to Free42, e.g. printer emulation, skin switching, etc., is fairly simple and should be self-explanatory -- except perhaps for program import/export, which is documented here.
You can obtain a copy of the original HP-42S manual, in English, German, or Portuguese, in PDF format, on CD-ROM or DVD-ROM, at The Museum of HP Calculators. Look for the CD/DVD offers here.
If you're looking for something to help you get started without spending any money, I recommend the "Alternative HP-42S/Free42 Manual", written by José Lauro Strapasson and Russ Jones; you can get it at EmuWiki.

Binary and Decimal Floating Point

While Free42 originally used Binary math exclusively, all releases starting with 1.4 have come in two versions, Binary and Decimal. The two look and behave identically; the only difference is the way they represent numbers internally.
All the download packages available from this site include both the Binary and Decimal versions, but the Free42 and 42s applications in the iTunes App Store are Decimal only.

Free42 Binary uses each platform's native floating-point support. On PCs and Macs, this means the hardware FPU, while on hand-helds, it usually means FPU emulation or a floating point library. All platforms supported by Free42 use IEEE-754 compatible floating point, and Free42 uses double precision, which consumes 8 bytes per number, and gives an effective precision of nearly 16 decimal digits, with exponents ranging from -308 to +307. Free42 Binary also supports IEEE-754 denormal/subnormal numbers, so even smaller exponents are possible, but such numbers do not have the full precision of numbers within the normal exponent range.

Free42 Decimal uses Hugh Steers' 7-digit base-10000 BCD20 library, which gives 25 decimal digits of precision, with exponents ranging from -10000 to +9999.

The binary version has the advantage of being much faster than the decimal version; also, it is smaller and uses less memory. However, numbers such as 0.1 (one-tenth) cannot be represented exactly in binary, since they are repeating fractions then: 1/10 is exactly 0.1 decimal, but 0.00011 binary. This inexactness can cause some HP-42S programs to fail.

If you understand the issues surrounding binary floating point, and you do not rely on legacy software that may depend on the exactness of decimal fractions, you may use Free42 Binary and enjoy its speed advantage. If, on the other hand, you need full HP-42S compatibility, you should use Free42 Decimal.

If you do not fully understand the above, it is best to play safe and use Free42 Decimal.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Are you planning Android, BlackBerry, Brew, Java, Palm WebOS, Symbian, or Windows Phone 7 versions of Free42?
   No. Maintaining the existing versions is already taking up a very large amount of my free time, and the donations and iTunes payments I receive are not sufficient to pay the bills. I'm doing my best, but my day job and my personal life have to come first.
   I would like to port Free42 to some more mobile platforms, and when I do, Android will probably be first in line. But, I can't promise when this will happen.
2. Can I save my programs to files, and load programs from files?
   Yes, this is possible in all versions except Mac OS X Dashboard. For detailed instructions, see here.
3. Will you add support for the accelerometer and GPS in the iPhone version?
   These have been added in version 1.4.66. For more information, see here.
4. Will you add support for the HP-41 Time Module?
   I have implemented all time- and date-related functions: ADATE, ATIME, ATIME24, CLK12, CLK24, DATE, DATE+, DDAYS, DMY, DOW, MDY, and TIME. For details, see here.
5. Will you add fractions, algebraic equations, unlimited-depth stack, etc.?
   No. I like the HP-42S as it is, and I have no plans to turn Free42 into anything more than that. Adding support for interesting hardware features like the clock, accelerometer, GPS, etc., is one thing -- those can be added fairly easily. Fractions, equations, etc., on the other hand, would require massive changes throughout the Free42 core. In my opinion, it's just not worth it.
   If you need an unlimited-depth stack, stuctured programming constructs, a larger display, or support for algebraic equations, I recommend the HP-48 series of calculators, or any of the many emulators that exist for them. You may also like Byron Foster's 42s, which is an iPhone port of Free42 with unlimited-depth stack and large display added, not to mention some other nifty UI improvements.
6. Will you add a unit conversion library?
   This is a feature I would like to add to Free42. Don't expect it any time soon, though.
7. Free42 and 42s for iPhone aren't free. Isn't that cheating?
   They are free if you jailbreak your iPhone, download the Free42 or 42s source code, and compile and install them yourself.
   I make no apologies for charging money on the iTunes App Store; you get convenience and I get paid, that's all. Free42 is still free software, but if you want it for free as in beer, you'll just have to make a little effort.
8. There is a cheap iPhone app called "RPN Calc 42S", that looks a lot like Byron Foster's "42s RPN Calculator". What's the deal?
   That app is a slightly older version of Byron Foster's "42s RPN Calculator", completely unmodified except for the name change.
   Just to keep things straight... If you search the app store for "42s", you will find three items: "42s RPN Calculator", which is Byron's cool enhanced version of Free42; "Free42", which is my own, very basic (and not completely finished) iPhone port of Free42; and "RPN Calc 42S", which is an older version of Byron's code, being sold by a parasite.
   If you want to get the 42S on your iPhone on the cheap, you could get this knockoff, but be aware that none of the money you spend will go to the people who did the actual work of developing this software in the first place. You won't get any support from "Infowise" or "C A VIJAYAN", either — they're not even trying, they don't provide an email address, and the Web Site button inside the app points back to Byron's support page. Legal? Probably. Sleazy? Definitely.

Links

The ultimate source for HP calculator enthusiasts: The Museum of HP Calculators.
Other HP-42S emulators:
Christoph Gießelink's Emu42 (for Windows and Pocket PC)
HrastProgrammer's HP-42X (for the HP-48/49/50 series calculators).

Contact

You can contact me, Thomas Okken, at .